Does a lot help a lot? Forecasting stock returns with pooling strategies in a data‐rich environment

A variety of recent studies provide a skeptical view on the predictability of stock returns. Empirical evidence shows that most prediction models suffer from a loss of information, model uncertainty, and structural instability by relying on low‐dimensional information sets. In this study, we evaluate the predictive ability of various lately refined forecasting strategies, which handle these issues by incorporating information from many potential predictor variables simultaneously. We investigate whether forecasting strategies that (i) combine information and (ii) combine individual forecasts are useful to predict US stock returns, that is, the market excess return, size, value, and the momentum premium. Our results show that methods combining information have remarkable in‐sample predictive ability. However, the out‐of‐sample performance suffers from highly volatile forecast errors. Forecast combinations face a better bias–efficiency trade‐off, yielding a consistently superior forecast performance for the market excess return and the size premium even after the 1970s.     

Google Trends and the forecasting performance of exchange rate models

In this paper, we use Google Trends data for exchange rate forecasting in the context of a broad literature review that ties the exchange rate movements with macroeconomic fundamentals. The sample covers 11 OECD countries’ exchange rates for the period from January 2004 to June 2014. In out‐of‐sample forecasting of monthly returns on exchange rates, our findings indicate that the Google Trends search query data do a better job than the structural models in predicting the true direction of changes in nominal exchange rates. We also observed that Google Trends‐based forecasts are better at picking up the direction of the changes in the monthly nominal exchange rates after the Great Recession era (2008–2009). Based on the Clark and West inference procedure of equal predictive accuracy testing, we found that the relative performance of Google Trends‐based exchange rate predictions against the null of a random walk model is no worse than the purchasing power parity model. On the other hand, although the monetary model fundamentals could beat the random walk null only in one out of 11 currency pairs, with Google Trends predictors we found evidence of better performance for five currency pairs. We believe that these findings necessitate further research in this area to investigate the extravalue one can get from Google search query data.     

基于LabVIEW与SQL server设计的浮标电源远程管理系统

针对现有海洋浮标缺乏对电源有效监控管理的问题，提出了一种基于LabVIEW与SQL server编程，结合C8051F021单片机硬件的方法，设计了岸站服务器的终端监控软件和安装于浮标上的硬件电路。通过网络或北斗通讯等实时通讯方式，实现对浮标上电源的实时监控和管理，提高了浮标电源的利用和管理的能力。     

机构投资者持股持续性对我国上市公司业绩及风险的影响研究

通过构建机构持股持续性指标体系,从四个维度全面研究机构持股持续性对上市公司业绩及风险的影响.整体来看,机构持股比例和持股稳定性的提升显著提高了公司业绩并降低了风险,反之则相反;机构持股期限与公司业绩仅呈很弱的显著负相关,导致这一异象的原因是:机构持股期限仅是一种表象,其背后隐含的是机构频繁换股的"散户化"行为及其不同的利益诉求带来了摩擦,加剧了公司经营决策和管理的不确定性,使公司业绩下降.分组研究显示:机构持股对公司业绩及风险的影响存在异质性;机构投资者只有秉持长期价值投资才利于公司业绩的提升,而以短期投机为目的的机构投资者对公司发展有害无益;机构持股稳定性越高,越有利于降低公司业绩风险;在机构持股比例高且持股期限长的公司中,机构持股比例与期限的协同效应越强,对公司业绩的改善作用越大,反之越小;在机构低比例持股的公司中,机构持股稳定性的提升对降低公司业绩风险的作用大于机构高比例持股的公司中对应的作用.     

高新技术企业创新资金配置风险预警的FOA-SVM模型及实证

为了提高创新资金的运营效率和为企业创新活动提供有效支撑,按照高新技术企业创新资金配置的生态化要求,从资金的来源、使用、偿还、收益分配四个维度进行风险分析并构建风险预警指标,给出创新资金配置的生态目标,将支持向量机二分类问题扩展到多分类并与果蝇优化算法结合构建风险预警的FOA-SVM (fruit fly optimization algorithm and support vector machines)模型,确定警度和警限,选取117家医药制造企业2016年数据进行模型验证并与GA-SVM (genetic algorithm and support vector machines)模型进行比较分析,研究表明,FOA-SVM模型分类准确率高而且对于高风险的误判率低,可以实现对高新技术企业创新资金配置风险的分类预警,为优化创新资金配置、防范与控制创新资金配置风险提供依据.     

大尺寸工程模型试验中的相似材料配比试验研究

大型物理模型试验是研究复杂工程问题的重要方法，如何快速、准确地确定相似材料配比是试验中至关重要的一环.为降低试验成本、简化试验步骤、充分调用原料性能，采用河砂、水泥和石膏这三种最普通的原料，以骨胶比(河砂与水泥石膏的质量比)和水膏比(水泥与石膏的质量比)为变量，进行了45组对比试验，对相似材料的物理及动、静力学参数进行了研究.获得了以河砂、水泥和石膏为原料配制的相似材料各物理量的变化区间；探讨了骨胶比和水膏比对相似材料各物理量的控制作用，并对比了其敏感性；基于多元线性回归分析建立了各因素与物理量间的定量关系，得到的拟合公式能较好地描述相似材料的性质.     

Robust model rankings of forecasting performance

This paper investigates robust model rankings in out‐of‐sample, short‐horizon forecasting. We provide strong evidence that rolling window averaging consistently produces robust model rankings while improving the forecasting performance of both individual models and model averaging. The rolling window averaging outperforms the (ex post) “optimal” window forecasts in more than 50% of the times across all rolling windows.     

Microbes,mathematics, and models

Microbial model systems have a long history of fruitful use in fields that include evolution and ecology. In order to develop further insight into modelling practice, we examine how the competitive exclusion and coexistence of competing species have been modelled mathematically and materially over the course of a long research history. In particular, we investigate how microbial models of these dynamics interact with mathematical or computational models of the same phenomena. Our cases illuminate the ways in which microbial systems and equations work as models, and what happens when they generate inconsistent findings about shared targets. We reveal an iterative strategy of comparative modelling in different media, and suggest reasons why microbial models have a special degree of epistemic tractability in multimodel inquiry.     

哈密翼龙及其3D胚胎化石研究

 翼龙是地球上第一类飞向天空也是唯一绝灭的飞行脊椎动物，人类对其产卵繁殖、生长发育和生活习性等方面的了解还十分有限。本文介绍了一件超过200枚哈密翼龙蛋、胚胎和骨骼化石三位一体保存的重要标本，包括16枚翼龙蛋含有三维立体的胚胎化石。针对这件全世界首次发现的3D翼龙胚胎，研究提出哈密翼龙具有相对早熟的胚胎发育模式，其后肢发育速度较前肢快，孵化之后只能走不能飞；胚胎发育期间牙齿尚未萌出，出生后还需要父母照料；从胚胎到亚成年都具有快速生长的骨骼结构；显示哈密翼龙具有群居的生活习性，白垩纪的湖泊风暴导致其集群死亡并快速埋藏。     

基于聚类方法和神经网络的非线性系统多模型自适应控制

针对具有参数跳变的非线性系统,联合聚类算法和神经网络提出新的多模型自适应控制方法。首先对系统的输入输出数据进行模糊聚类,然后基于递推最小二乘法建立多个固定模型。为提高系统的暂态性能,同时建立两个自适应模型,并在此基础上设计鲁棒自适应控制器。此外,为了补偿系统的非线性部分,建立非线性预测模型,并设计非线性神经网络自适应控制器。所提方法可使控制切换系统具有稳定性保证。最后,通过性能指标对控制器进行平滑切换。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够保证系统具有良好的控制性能。